Internal-combustion engine



March 10, 1925.

A. E. FREY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Sept. 20, 1922 INVENTOR (7435?7' 43'. FEE? BY Ml/W 72: Q/MM ATTORNEY To all whom it-ma Pass d Mar. 10, 1925.

UNITED STATES.

ALBERT ERNEST PATENT OFFICE.

FREY, or DETEoIT, mrcmoan, .essreivon. To THE STUDEBAKER co PoRATIoN, A. coEro ATIoN- or NEW JERSEY.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

concern.

Be it known that ALBERT ERNEST FRET, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have in-. vented certain and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines and has for its purpose the providing of a design whereby a large ortion of the engine may be constructed 0 aluminum or other light substance; which will provide a relatively free passage for the combustible mixture passing into the combustion chamber; which will cause a turbulency of the gas in the combustion chamber and which will have a relatively low cost of production.

These being among the objects of my invention, the same consisting of certain features of construction and combination of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed with reference to the accompanying drawing, which illustrates a suitable embodiment of my invention, having the above and other objects in view.

In the accompanying drawing, the figure is a cross sectional view of an internalcombust-ion engine embodying my present invention.

1 is a casting composing the cylinder or cylinder block and the upper half of the crankcase; 2 is the lower half of the crankcase; 3 is a casting embodying intake and exhaust passages, valve seats and part of the combustion chamber or chambers; 4 is a cylinder head; 5 is a cylinder liner; 6 is a p1ston; 7 is a connecting rod'; 8 is a crankshaft; 9 is a valve; 10 is a valve stem guide; 11 is a valve spring; 12 is a valve spring washer; 13 is a valve tappet; 14 is a rocker arm pivoted at' 15; 16 is a cam shaft and 17 is a cover for the valve mechanism.

The cylinder block and upper half of the crankcase 1 and the cylinder head 4 are preferably cast of aluminum or other light metal, and only the member 3and the cylinder liner 5 are of cast iron, givingr a. construction of extreme lightness. he

Application filed September 20, 1922. Serial No. 589,346.

member 3 itself is of a form peculiar to this inventlon in that its construction is such as to be necessary to attain the objects in view. The valve 9 seating in the member 3 is set on a pronounced angle 'from the vertical. That portion of the combustion chamber embodied in the member 3 is contracted from the upper end of the cylinder to a substantially smaller neck portion 18 from which it opens out into an enlar ed chamber 19, in which the valves are seated: The necking of the portion 18 is such as to form a modified venturi between the chamber 19 and the cylinder proper, causing the incoming combustible mixture to be considerabl disturbed and thoroughly mixed toget ier, both on\ entering the cylinder and during the compression stroke. This turbulent effect of the mixture causes rapid and more complete combustion resulting in more power and smoother running of the engine than in the prevailing designs. By necking the portion 18 and setting the valves on an angle, it is possible to place the valves nearer the center of the cylinder than on the ordinary type of the so-called L head type engines, and provides a short and relatively straight path for the combustible mixture entering the combustion chamber and for the exhaust gas leaving the same, with the resulting advantage of greater volumetric efficiency and short dimensioned combustion chamber.

What I claim is An internal combustion engine having a cylinder and a cylinder head each of relative light metal, a member between said cylinder and said cylinder head of heavier metal, valves supported by and seating in said member, said valves opening upwardly and inwardly for controlling the flow of gases in said member, and a passage between said valves and said cylinder.

Signed by me at Detroit, Michigan, U. S. A., this 5th day of Sept, 1922.

GLA RUssEL FULLER, HonesoN S. PIERCE; 

